Article mangrove carbon stocks and ecosystem cover dynamics in southwest madagascar and the implications for local management lisa benson 1,2, leah glass 1, trevor gareth jones 1,3, lalao ravaoarinorotsihoarana 1 and cicelin rakotomahazo 1 1 blue ventures conservation, 3941 north road, london n7 9dp, uk. Coastal landforms and accumulation of mangrove peat. Since they store so much carbon, theres probably a lot being released from all. Rate of carbon sequestration by these mangroves varied between. The potential for mangrove carbon projects in viet nam depend on the carbon revenue earned per hectare and the number of hectares of mangrove forest allocated per household. The estimated yearly net rates of carbon sequestration primary production minus loss through plant respiration, litter fall, root turnover and exudation of organic compounds range from 1.
Carbon sequestration, and the extent to which it can be counted as a reduction in a nations carbon. The carbon sequestration function of coastal wetlands offers a potential to mitigate the increase of the atmospheric co 2, which is associated with the increase of global warming. Figure 5 map representing carbon sequestration from 1973 to 2000, north. Carbon stock and sequestration valuation in a mixed. Carbon sequestration in wetland dominated coastal systems. Summary of observed rates of soil carbon sequestration kg c ha. Mangroves excel at storing carbon news in science abc. It has led the nation in the use of renewable energy to decarbonise the economy. Carbon sequestration in mangrove forests carbon management 2012 33, 3322 daniel m alongi mangrove forests are highly productive, with carbon production rates equivalent to tropical humid forests. Mangroves are ecologically and economically important forests of the tropics. There is considerable uncertainty in the magnitude of c storage because of the difficulty in extrapolating rates with very high spatial variability and we lack accurate and precise measures of the coverage of these systems in many parts of the. The second component refers to the quantity of carbon stored as biomass. However, linkages between the dynamics of oc derived from multiple sources and carbon sequestration are poorly understood.
Site selection to promote the carbon sequestration suitable habitat conditions, e. Mangrove carbon estimator and monitoring guide food and. Carbon sequestration in tidal salt marshes and mangrove. The model focuses on changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases as a. Mangroves store a lot of carbon, much more so than most forests on earth, on a per hectare basis, says donato. So if you had a dollar to invest in carbon futures, my strongest advice of all would be to invest in preventing mangrove loss, or even. Alternative approaches to valuing carbon sequestration in. Protocols for the measurement, monitoring and reporting of structure, biomass and carbon stocks in mangrove forests 3 by landuse or climate change page et al. In this study, we assess the soil c sources and processes responsible for c sequestration of riverine wetlands. Carbon cycling and storage in mangrove forests annual. Mangrove forests provide several invisibleindirect ecosystem services which have not been quantified till date. Mangrove forests have an advantage over other forest types in that they have a low timber value. This increase in atmospheric co 2 from about 280 to more than 380 parts per million ppm over the last 250 yearsis causing measurable global warming. In other words, mangroves are natural carbonscrubbers, taking co2 out of the atmosphere and packing it away, for millennia or more, in their rich soils.
The researchers performed a combined ecologicaleconomic assessment, finding that the sea takes up an estimated 17. Increases in temperatures combined with reductions in. Carbon sequestration a focus on homegrown carbon opportunities south australia is innovative in its approach to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Carbon storage in the mediterranean sea could be worth up to 1722 million a year, a new study has found.
Johnsen1 abstractintensive pine plantation management may provide opportunities to increase carbon sequestration in the southeastern united states. Allometric model for estimating above ground biomass and. Above ground biomass and average sequestration for ca mau province, compared to sites. Method of sequestering carbon dioxide with a fertilizer comprising chelated iron abstract a method of sequestering carbon dioxide co 2 in an ocean comprises testing an area of the surface of a deep open ocean in order to determine both the nutrients that are missing and the diffusion coefficient, applying to the area in a spiral pattern a first. They can store three to four times more carbon on an area basis than most terrestrial forests and, if. Highlights vegetated coastal systems, including seagrass beds, mangroves, and intertidal marshes currently sequester 67215 tg c yr. However, it is paradoxical that the vegetation has undergone destruction and degradation in. Pandey 2 1principal chief conservator of forests wildlife, gujarat forest department, gujarat, india 2project coordinator, climate change studies, gujarat forest department, gandhinagar, gujarat, india abstract gujarat has the second largest mangrove cover 1058 sq km of country.
The potential for mangrove carbon projects in viet nam. Carbon sequestration in forests congressional research service 2 for mitigating greenhouse gas emissionsand thus possible climate changeis to increase the amount of carbon stored in forests. Mangrove forests are one of earths most effective ecosystems for carbon sequestration and storage. Biomass 0 200 400 600 800 1200 2 4 6 18 23 30 38 41 month2 biomass g m h2. Carbon capture and storage involve three components. Pdf mangrove forests are highly productive, with carbon production rates equivalent to tropical humid forests. As explained earlier, data presented as biomass or rate of biomass increment were converted to carbon stock and sequestration, respectively, and will be called this way from now on in the present study. Global carbon stocks and potential emissions due to. Determination of carbon sequestration rate in soil of a. For comparison, reforested agricultural land, eligible for carbon credits under the kyoto protocol on climate change, socks away carbon at a rate much less than 100 g. Wetlands cover about 5% of the trerrestrial surface, are important carbon sinks containing 40% of soil organic carbon at global level 7.
Biomass estimation methods are more difficult to study the mangroves stands rather than. Considerations in blue carbon accounting with mangrove. Mangroves allocate proportionally more carbon belowground, and have higher below to aboveground carbon mass ratios than terrestrial trees. South australia will continue its ambitious pathway to reduce emissions. In the same plot, co 2 equivalent carbon emission from thermal power plant showed little variation 0. However, the c sequestration potential of wetlands is spatially and temporally variable, and depends on processes associated with c production, preservation and export.
Mangrove forest inventory and estimation of carbon storage. Seagrasses export a substantial portion of their primary production, both in particulate and dissolved organic form, but the fate of this export production remains unaccounted for in terms of seagrass carbon sequestration. Mangrove forests are threatened by landuse andor landcover change, as well as global climate change. Sedjo abstract a major problem being faced by human society is that the global temperature is believed to be rising due to human activity that releases carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, i. For this project, we assume that one hectare of mangal will sequester one metric ton of carbon. Studying carbon sequestration in mangroves mangroves for. A global predictive model of carbon in mangrove soils. Forests are very important for sequestering atmospheric carbon and mangroves are amongst the most efficient in carbon sequestration. Pdf carbon sequestration in mangrove forests researchgate. A growing number of researchers have recognized the need for more and better science and are calling for continued research on the potential to.
One such program is the carbon market and trade system, where c from a forested area is measured and sold for carbon credits. Carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change usgs. Pdf carbon sequestration potential of mangroves in. One hidden objective of mangrove restoration is the carbon sequestration. The reservoirs of soil organic carbon can act as sources or sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide, depending on land use practices, climate, texture and topography 36. They are highly productive ecosystems with rates of primary production equal to those of tropical humid evergreen forests and coral reefs. Coastal landforms and accumulation of mangrove peat increase carbon sequestration and storage paula ezcurraa,1, exequiel ezcurrab, pedro p. The students approach for using the invest blue carbon model, is a series of output data that will help to quantify the value of carbon storage and sequestration. Carbon is stored in the plant in the foliage, br anches, trunks this is the carbon storage accounted for through the redd mechanism carbon is emitted from this store of carbon through deforestation and degradation of the plants e.
Mangrove conservation in the abidjan convention region. Disturbed mangrove in puttalam lagoon has created many problems such as loss of habitat, threatening land use pattern of the lagoon, degradation of biodiversity, etc. About 62% to 78% of the global terrestrial carbon is sequestered in the forests, and about 70% of this carbon is stored in the soil dixon et al. Byrne 1 and kevin black2 introduction there is general consensus among the scientific community that increasing atmospheric levels of the socalled greenhouse gasesare causing climate change and are likely to continue doing so. Two percent of global mangrove carbon was lost between 2000 and 2012, equivalent to a maximum potential of 316,996,250 t of co 2 emissions. Carbon sequestration in mangrove forests researchgate. Protocols for the measurement, monitoring and reporting of. Wetland, climate change, and carbon sequestering 3 wetland changes due to decreased precipitation some areas. Carbon stock and sequestration valuation in a mixed dipterocarp forest of malaysia. Their key role in ecosystem dynamics is well known.
The simple implication of this is that the longterm sequestration of carbon by one square kilometer of mangrove area is equivalent to that occurring in fifty square kilometers of tropical forest. Export from seagrass meadows contributes to marine carbon. Mangrove carbon stocks and ecosystem cover dynamics in. Our analysis is a direct accounting of carbon storage in plantation forest and does not consider other aspects of the carbon cycle such as fossil fuel use in forest establishment, tending, or harvest. Wetlands can store large quantities of carbon c and are considered key sites for c sequestration. Carbon sequestration by ocean fertilization overview. If mangrove carbon stocks are disturbed, resultant gas emissions may be very high. These supplementary data files contain the raw data. Carbon captured by marine organisms helps sequester atmospheric co 2, especially in shallow coastal ecosystems, where rates of primary production and burial of organic carbon oc from multiple sources are high. Carbon sequestration in mangrove forests article pdf available in carbon management 33. The mangrove restoration potential map is a unique interactive tool developed to explore potential. This study presents the estimation of ecosystem carbon above and belowground stock in the sundarbans using a large scale data sets collected from. The first component refers to the annual rates of carbon capture per surface unit of each ecosystem i s i, defined as the annual flow of organic material transferred to a hectare of seabed.
1074 471 1335 953 1277 771 294 329 48 1285 932 1459 544 1535 918 12 10 1490 223 1465 523 857 1111 699 578 845 533 580 730 1030 1167 321 1267 543 1169 418 348 816 540 1068 569 1395 410 1250